The Architecture of Open Source Applications Software Architecture

Question: Discuss about The Architecture of Open Source Applications for Software Architecture? Answer: A meaningful architecture of a system, which represents the overall architecture, is called architecture views. Telepathy is a real time communication modular framework, which helps to handle the audio, video, file transfer and many more. A modular design and a D-Bus messaging system model are used in this telepathy (Aosabook.org 2016). Some different type of components is connected to each other via D-Bus connection manager. D-Bus message bus connection manager provides an interface between the communication service and telepathy. Figure1: Architecture of telepathy framework (Source: Brown and Wilson 2012) Many different types of components are available in the telepathy such as account manager, connection manager, telepathy client handler, a connection channel dispatchers (Volter et al. 2013). All these components are connected to each other via the D-Bus message bus. Here a telepathy is modular; each modular communicate with other nodes through D-Bus messaging bus. Most of the communication done through users session bus. A Connection Manager gives the interface in the middle of TELEPATHY and the individual correspondence administrations. Including support for another convention to TELEPATHY is only a question of composing another Connection Manager (Volter et al. 2013). The Account Manager Administration is in charge of putting away the client's interchanges accounts and setting up an association with every record through the fitting Connection Manager when asked. D-Bus is a non-concurring message transport for intervenes correspondence that structures the foundation of most GNU/Lin ux frameworks including the GNOME and KDE desktop situations. An interface was created for the communication service and telepathy such as SIP, IRC, and XMPP. All of these are a connection manager interface for telepathy. To store the user communication account an account manager service is used (Aosabook.org 2016). The account manager service creates a connection between all user accounts when the communication manager requests for connection. A channel manager service is used to list all the incoming channel and dispatch these channel to the users or clients. This channel dispatchers help the client to handle the application (Brown and Wilson 2012). Figure 2: The UML Component diagram (Source: Created by author) Figure 3: Method and signal on an object (Source: Created by author) Here the researcher identifies the initial requirement of the telepathy vision statement and uses cases. The researcher prepares a list of client features included in the telepathy system. Here this information is converted into a diagram in the previous section. Here the main objective of rationale is to develop much architecture and choose the best architecture between them. The importance of rationale is select a system that can be used for a long term with minimum maintenance and increases the performance of the system (Aosabook.org, 2016). Here the telepathy is implemented by D-bus API. The primary objective of the telepathy is to connect many clients is a single chine protocol. According to the objectives here, the key findings are listed underneath. Figure 4: Telepathy and connectivity (Source: Created by author) Telepathy is totally based on D-Bus technology; here all components are connected via a users season bus. The D-bus must provide same options for all IPC systems. Here every object is used to access the interfaces. Here the connection managers are Libpurple, MSN, SIP, and XMPP link-local. This technology provides a real time messaging feature in an absence of the server. For example, the Iclient use the most recent technology pioneered by Apple. Here the clients of this technology are Kopete, Sugar, Empathy and Nokia Internet tablets. The library is used in for telepathy is telepathy-python and telepathy-glib. The telepathy-python is service, which is built in D-Bus Python. Thus, the telepathy-python is provided some flexibility, which enables easier implementation by interfaces and abstract base classes. The architectural style determines the vocabulary of connection and components, which can be used in an instance of that style, together with a set of constraints on how they can be combined. In this scenario, the developed conceptual architecture depends on the pipes and filters architectural style. In this type of architectural style, the entire component has a collection of inputs as well as outputs. This entire component reads the input data and creates the set of outputs. The pipe and filter architectural style will be the good fit for this system architecture the components of architecture is the filter, and the connection between this components is called pipes. In this architectural style, the filter is an independent entity. Mainly the filter could not hear their state with other filters (Volter et al. 2013). The filters do not open their identity to other filters. Mainly the pipe carried out the collection of input and outputs from one filter to another filter. The pipe is the main communication channel in this architectural style. The inputs and outputs specification might restrict. Furthermore, the pipe output correctness and the filter network should not depend on the incremental process of the filter performance. This architectural style is appropriate for this telepathy architecture. In the telepathy architecture, components are the filters and the connection between these components is the pipe. The filter provides the outputs based on the inputs, which are carried by the pipes. The components do not aware of the other elements identity. The outputs are transferred from one component to another component by the pipe. The output of a component or filter the input to the next component. All the components depend on another component, but they are not aware of the other components identity, which is the most common with the pipe, and filter architectural style. But in the conceptual diagram, the components are aware of the inputs which are totally different from the pipe and filter architectural style. Without this features, all the other features are same and good fit with the telepathy architecture (Volter et al. 2013). In this proposed telepathy based communication system are implement pipe and filter based architectural style. According to the pipe and filter based architectural style, pipe and filter are represented by a collection of input and output settings for performing overall computation process. Apart from the pipe and filter base architectural style, there are several different type of architectural styles are available. But maximum of these architectural styles are not supported or suitable for the above describe proposed system. As an example data abstraction and object orientation based architectural style is also another type for implementing a system structure (Aosabook.org 2016). But data abstraction technique abstract or hide the overall data value of an object which is not performable function for this proposed system design. Data abstraction mechanism draws their input variable by fetching object from a structure wherein pipe and filter based approach directly collect their input and output values from the defined structure. For making a telepathy based communication system, it is necessary to collect input values as clearer as their in their raw format (Volter et al. 2013). Data abstraction technique for implementation of sensitive structure like telepathy system is a more complicated task to design. Therefore, this system is implemented by using the pipe and filter structure. Here the researcher identifies the parameter that is dependable for a system performance. A dependability-centric is classify into three different factors, such as attributes, impairments, and methods. In this telepathy, a system the following attributes are must be maintained by the proposed system. The system availability: In the telepathy system, the availability measures the readiness of the usage. The application dependability is varying on the availability of the system. Now measured the availability as the limit of the system that works correctly at a given time T. here the researcher measured the availability by =MTTF/MTTF+MTTR. Here the MTTF stands for mean time to failure and MTTR stands for mean time repair. The system reliability: In this application, the system reliability is the ability of the system than can works for an extended time. Here the reliability is measured by the system mean time to failure. The availability requirement is high rather that the reliability; here it may not remain working for a long time. The reliability is the most important thing for telepathy system. The system maintainability: In the telepathy system, the maintainability is the most important aptitude to undergo evolution and repair. This aspect is less preciously measure than the reliability and availability. The maintainability is measured by the MTTR, but by this unit, it is not entire measured. To mitigate the system failure, the built-in diagnostics tool can decrease the chances of the extra cost for run time, memory and development time. The safety of the telepathy system: If the telepathy application has a lake of catastrophic consequences, then it is measured by the safety. In the telepathy system, the safety of the system is a big concern, where the application works on multiple servers with many clients. The system confidentiality: The confidentiality is also a part of the system security, which refers to the non-occurrence of unauthorized disclosure of data (Volter et al. 2013). The system integrity: Here the system integrity is the most valuable concern where the system can ensure that any unauthorized user does not modify the data. This integrity is maintained by the various data warehouse, which is optional to the organization to choose a service. According to the document which is described in this link www.cs.ccsu.edu/~stan/classes/cs530/slides11/ch6.pdf the pipe and filter based I very old system design approach and it is not compatible with modern computing system design. Pipe and filter based architectural design are not also suitable for the telepathy system like interactive system (www.cs.ccsu.edu 2016). In pipe and filter based the handling of the information in a framework is sorted out with the goal which includes each handling segment in a discrete mode and there is one kind of information needs to be changed from the information streams (Volter et al. 2013). As an example, this is pretty much suitable for non-managed data processing like bookkeeping. Usually, it is utilized as a part of information handling applications where inputs are prepared in discrete stages to produce related information. The organization for information exchange must be settled upon between conveying data value changes. Every change must pa rse its information and unparsed its values to get the concurred structure. This expansion of framework overhead might imply its difficulty towards reuse policy of practical changes, which is a utilization of inconsistent information in an architectural structure (Brown and Wilson 2012). Apart from this disadvantage, there are several advantages present in pipe and filter based architectural style. It is a straightforward approach and help to change its utility factor for future reusability function (www.cs.ccsu.edu 2016). Work process style of pipe and filter based method matches the structure of numerous business who are combined with a small team organization (Aosabook.org 2016). Its development process input inclusion strategy is very much clear than any other methodological approach which supports for architectural design method. The pipe and filter based method which is implemented in this proposed system design can be actualized as a successive and simultaneous framework (Brown and Wilson 2012). The proposed telepathy base communication system is designed in a sequential transformation mode (www.cs.ccsu.edu 2016). Where a different process is combined in a batch of process group for step by a step information processing system. It also utilized parallel communication strategy to overcome its lack of interactivity during transmission and transformation of information. References Aosabook.org, 2016. The Architecture of Open Source Applications: Telepathy. [online] Available at: https://aosabook.org/en/telepathy.html [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Brown, A. and Wilson, G. eds., 2012. The Architecture of Open Source Applications: Structure, Scale, and a Few More Fearless Hacks (Vol. 2). Kristian Hermansen. Vlter, M., Stahl, T., Bettin, J., Haase, A. and Helsen, S., 2013. Model-driven software development: technology, engineering, management. John Wiley Sons. www.cs.ccsu.edu, 2016. Software Engineering and Architectural Design. [online] Available at: https://www.cs.ccsu.edu/~stan/classes/cs530/slides11/ch6.pdf [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016].